Research has been conducted to assess the effectiveness of weight management, dietary and physical activity interventions in military settings. However, a recent and comprehensive overview is lacking. The aim ...
Authors: Ahmad M. Malkawi, Ree M. Meertens, Stef P. J. Kremers and Ester F. C. Sleddens
Identification of elevated intracranial pressure is important following traumatic brain injury. We assessed the feasibility of educating military trainees on accurately obtaining optic nerve sheath diameter me...
Authors: Joseph Betcher, Torben K. Becker, Peter Stoyanoff, Jim Cranford and Nik Theyyunni
Military families who have a family member with a mental illness see themselves confronted with many demands. Stigmatization is one of these challenges. Stigmatization affects not only the individual who suffe...
Authors: Katrin Schuy, Simone Dors, Loni Brants, Marie Horzetzky, Gerd Willmund, Andreas Ströhle, Peter Zimmermann, Heinrich Rau and Stefan Siegel
Recently, the definition of sepsis was concluded to be a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Severe patients always present with uncorrectable hypotension or...
Authors: Hui Zhang, Yong-wen Feng and Yong-ming Yao
It is crucial for the army to know the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome in active-duty army personnel. Little information has been reported on the prevalence of OSA and clinical features in...
This commentary addresses the article by Wu et al. entitled “On-orbit sleep problems of astronauts and countermeasures”. In this article, the authors discussed the sleep problems of astronauts. Despite its cha...
Authors: Joseph John Bevelacqua and Seyed Mohammad Javad Mortazavi
Historically, sexually transmitted infections have affected the health of the U.S. military. To determine whether gonorrhea, bacterial vaginosis, genital herpes, and trichomoniasis are predictors of repeat chl...
Authors: Christian T. Bautista, Eyako K. Wurapa, Warren B. Sateren, Bruce P. Hollingsworth and Jose L. Sanchez
Despite efforts in prevention and intensive care, trauma and subsequent sepsis are still associated with a high mortality rate. Traumatic injury remains the main cause of death in people younger than 45 years ...
Authors: Florian Bösch, Martin K. Angele and Irshad H. Chaudry
The emergency treatment of thoracic injuries varies of general conditions and modern warfare. However, there are no unified battlefield treatment guidelines for thoracic injuries in the Chinese People’s Libera...
Authors: Zhao-Wen Zong, Zhi-Nong Wang, Si-Xu Chen, Hao Qin, Lian-Yang Zhang, Yue Shen, Lei Yang, Wen-Qiong Du, Can Chen, Xin Zhong, Lin Zhang, Jiang-Tao Huo, Li-Ping Kuai, Li-Xin Shu, Guo-Fu Du and Yu-Feng Zhao
Hypoxia is a primary cause of mountain sickness and a common pathological condition in patients with heart failure, shock, stroke, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Thus far, little advancement...
Authors: Gang Xu, Yu-Qi Gao, Yi-Xing Gao, Gang Wu, Jian-Yang Zhang and Wen-Xiang Gao
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic impairment disorder that occurs after exposure to traumatic events. This disorder can result in a disturbance to individual and family functioning, causing sig...
Authors: Xue-Rong Miao, Qian-Bo Chen, Kai Wei, Kun-Ming Tao and Zhi-Jie Lu
Junctional hemorrhage surpassed extremity hemorrhage as the leading cause of preventable death after the resurgence of limb tourniquets during the recent conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq. Junctional tournique...
Authors: Ismael Flecha, Jason F. Naylor, Steven G. Schauer, Ryan A. Curtis and Cord W. Cunningham
AEOL-10150 is a broad-spectrum metalloporphyrin superoxidase dismutase (SOD) mimic specifically designed to neutralize reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Research has shown that AEOL-10150 is a potent medic...
Authors: Xiao-rui Zhang, Wen-xia Zhou and Yong-xiang Zhang
The pubic region is often involved in accidental hot water or soup-spill burns. Most of these wounds are superficial partial thickness burns. Due to their proximity to the urinary system, as well as vaginal an...
Authors: Jia-Jun Feng, Jia Le See, Abby Choke, Adrian Ooi and Si Jack Chong
Heavy backpacks are often used by soldiers and firefighters. Weight carrying could reduce the speed and efficiency in task completion by altering the foot sole sensitivity and postural control.
Authors: Yves Jammes, Eva Ferrand, Corentin Fraud, Alain Boussuges and Jean Paul Weber
A wide spectrum of scenarios may lead to radiation incidents and the liberation of radioactive material. In the case of a terrorist attack by a “dirty bomb”, there is a risk of mechanical and thermal trauma, e...
Authors: Alexis Rump, Benjamin Becker, Stefan Eder, Andreas Lamkowski, Michael Abend and Matthias Port
Research indicates that Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has an extensive impact on family relationships. Nevertheless, there is a dearth of empirically supported interventions addressing family functionin...
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a major component of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) following pulmonary and systemic infection. Alveolar macrophages (AMϕ) are at the center of ALI pathogenesis. Emerging...
Authors: Zhi-Gang Li, Melanie J. Scott, Tomasz Brzóska, Prithu Sundd, Yue-Hua Li, Timothy R. Billiar, Mark A. Wilson, Ping Wang and Jie Fan
The activities carried out by soldiers in the army involve great physical demands and require intense trainings to perform combat-specific tasks. Musculoskeletal injury is a potential threat to the health and ...
Authors: Michele Zukauskas de Andrade Gomes and Carlos Eduardo Pinfildi
The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of different uphill and downhill gradients on cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses of soldiers while carrying heavy military loads in two different...
Authors: Subhojit Chatterjee, Tirthankar Chatterjee, Debojyoti Bhattacharyya, Suranjana Sen and Madhusudan Pal
With the development of radiotherapeutic oncology, computer technology and medical imaging technology, radiation therapy has made great progress. Research on the impact and the specific mechanism of radiation ...
Authors: Jin-song Wang, Hai-juan Wang and Hai-li Qian
The characteristics and treatment of pelvic fractures vary between general conditions and modern war. An expert consensus has been reached based on pelvic injury epidemiology and the concepts of battlefield tr...
Authors: Zhao-wen Zong, Si-xu Chen, Hao Qin, Hua-ping Liang, Lei Yang and Yu-feng Zhao
In combat operations, patients with traumatic injuries require expeditious evacuation to improve survival. Studies have shown that long transport times are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Li...
Authors: Joseph K. Maddry, Crystal A. Perez, Alejandra G. Mora, Jill D. Lear, Shelia C. Savell and Vikhyat S. Bebarta
The European Union Training Mission Mali (EUTM MLI) is a multinational military training deployment to the Western African tropical nation of Mali. Based on routinely collected disease and non-battle injury su...
Sufficient sleep duration and good sleep quality are crucial to ensure normal physical and mental health, cognition and work performance for the common people, as well as astronauts. On-orbit sleep problem is ...
Authors: Bin Wu, Yue Wang, Xiaorui Wu, Dong Liu, Dong Xu and Fei Wang
Ballistics gelatin is a common tissue surrogate used in bacterial contamination models for projectile wounds. Although these studies have demonstrated that bacteria are transferred from the surface of the gela...
Authors: Jessica J. Evans, Aaron Bost, Karim H. Muci-Küchler and Linda C. DeVeaux
Osteomyelitis (OM) is an atypical consequence of ankle-foot trauma which is associated with long-term mental and physical morbidity and persistent pain. This study aimed to assess the health status of OM patie...
Spaceflight and ground-based microgravity analog experiments have suggested that microgravity can affect microbial growth and metabolism. Although the effects of microgravity and its analogs on microorganisms ...
Authors: Bing Huang, Dian-Geng Li, Ying Huang and Chang-Ting Liu
Acute mountain sickness (AMS) is a potentially lethal condition caused by acute hypoxia after ascending to altitudes higher than 2500 m in a short time. The main symptom of AMS is headache. Numerous risk facto...
Authors: Yu Wu, Chi Zhang, Yu Chen and Yong-Jun Luo
Type A lactic acidosis resulted from hypoxic mitochondrial dysfunction is an independent predictor of mortality for critically ill patients. However, current therapeutic agents are still in shortage and can ev...
Authors: Ying Wang, Ya Huang, Jing Yang, Fang-Qiang Zhou, Lian Zhao and Hong Zhou
War-related traumas can lead to orthopedic and neurological disorders in victims. However, the scope of such disorders may expand months or even years after the trauma. Orthotic treatment as a rehabilitation p...
Authors: Kamiar Ghoseiri, Mostafa Allami and Mohammad Reza Soroush
Autoimmune disease management presents a significant challenge to medical science. Environmental factors potentially increase the risk of developing inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, such as multiple scler...
The diagnosis of bacterium-negative pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and extra-pulmonary TB is challenging clinically. The detection of the anti-TB antibody has an important, auxiliary, clinical diagnostic value. T...
Authors: Xue-Juan Bai, You-Rong Yang, Jian-Qin Liang, Hui-Ru An, Jie Wang, Yan-Bo Ling, Zhong-Yuan Wang and Xue-Qiong Wu
Currently, ionizing radiation (IR) plays a key role in the agricultural and medical industry, while accidental exposure resulting from leakage of radioactive sources or radiological terrorism is a serious conc...
The dynamic nature of modern warfare, including threats and injuries faced by soldiers, necessitates the development of countermeasures that address a wide variety of injuries. Tissue engineering has emerged a...
Authors: Chinedu Cletus Ude, Azizi Miskon, Ruszymah Bt Hj Idrus and Muhamad Bin Abu Bakar
Noise exposure can lead to hearing loss and multiple system dysfunctions. As various forms of noise exist in our living environments, and our auditory organs are very sensitive to acoustic stimuli, it is a cha...
Authors: Qing-Qing Jiang, Ning Yu and Shi-Ming Yang
The accurate assessment and diagnosis of combat injuries are the basis for triage and treatment of combat casualties. A consensus on the assessment and diagnosis of combat injuries was made and discussed at th...
Authors: Zhao-wen Zong, Lian-yang Zhang, Hao Qin, Si-xu Chen, Lin Zhang, Lei Yang, Xiao-xue Li, Quan-wei Bao, Dao-cheng Liu, Si-hao He, Yue Shen, Rong Zhang, Yu-feng Zhao and Xiao-zheng Zhong
Repeat hospitalizations in veterans with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are understudied. The early readmission rate and potentially modifiable risk-factors for 90-day readmission in veterans with IBD were s...
Authors: Ashish Malhotra, Parkpoom Phatharacharukul and Charat Thongprayoon
Chronic diseases cause a tremendous burden to the military medical system. However, the prevalence rates of major chronic diseases among military officers remain unclear in China.
Authors: Thermite Mara, Long-Teng Ma, Shuo Wang, Ling Wang, Fan Yang, Jia-Hui Song, Yi-Chun Cao, Jian-Hua Yin and Guang-Wen Cao
High altitude disease (HAD) can reduce combat effectiveness and damage the health of soldiers at high altitudes. The objective of this hypothesis study is to build a four-period prevention model for high altit...
Authors: Xian-Sheng Liu, Xiang-Rong Yang, Lu Liu, Xian-Kui Qin and Yu-Qi Gao
The prevalence of limb amputation is increasing globally as a devastating experience that can physically and psychologically affect the lifestyle of a person. The residual limb pain and phantom limb pain are c...
Authors: Kamiar Ghoseiri, Mostafa Allami, Mohammad Reza Soroush and Mohammad Yusuf Rastkhadiv
Large numbers of post-deployment U.S. veterans are diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and/or traumatic brain injury (TBI), leading to an urgent need for effective interventions to reduce symp...
Authors: Rebecca A. Johnson, David L. Albright, James R. Marzolf, Jessica L. Bibbo, Hayley D. Yaglom, Sandra M. Crowder, Gretchen K. Carlisle, Amy Willard, Cynthia L. Russell, Karen Grindler, Steven Osterlind, Marita Wassman and Nathan Harms
The ankle-foot injuries are among the war-related injuries that cause many serious secondary problems for a lifetime. This nationwide study aimed to assess health-related quality of life and the ability to per...
Authors: Mostafa Allami, Amir Yavari, Amir Karimi, Mehdi Masoumi, Mohammadreza Soroush and Elahe Faraji
Chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) is a condition of pain induced by exercise, and it is characterized by muscle swelling and impaired muscle function in the lower leg. Given the diversity in the d...
Authors: Mariëtte Z. Meulekamp, Peter van der Wurff, Alfred van der Meer and Cees Lucas
Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease with a high incidence rate in the Chinese army, which directly disturbs military training and affects soldiers’ health. Influenza surveillance systems are w...
Authors: Jian Wang, Hui-Suo Yang, Bing Deng, Meng-Jing Shi, Xiang-Da Li, Qing-Gong Nian, Wen-Jing Song, Feng Bing and Qing-Feng Li
Wounded personnel who work at sea often encounter a plethora of difficulties. The most important of these difficulties is seawater immersion. Common medical dressings have little effect when the affected area ...
Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are serious problems for healthcare systems, especially in developing countries where public health infrastructure and technology for infection preventions remain undevelope...
Authors: Sanjeewa Jayachandra Rajakaruna, Wen-Bin Liu, Yi-Bo Ding and Guang-Wen Cao
Dietary supplement use (protein/amino acids, weight-loss supplements, performance enhancers) is common among U.S. military members. Reported dietary supplement use in deployed troops is limited and is of conce...
Authors: Shawn M. Varney, Patrick C. Ng, Crystal A. Perez, Allyson A. Araña, Edwin R. Austin, Rosemarie G. Ramos and Vikhyat S. Bebarta
