Diagnostic microbial isolates of bio-safety levels 3 and 4 are difficult to handle in medical field camps under military deployment settings. International transport of such isolates is challenging due to rest...
Authors: Andreas E. Zautner, Wycliffe O. Masanta, Rebecca Hinz, Ralf Matthias Hagen and Hagen Frickmann
T-2 toxin poses a great threat to human health because it has the highest toxicity of the currently known trichothecene mycotoxins. To understand the in vivo toxicity and transformation mechanism of T-2 toxin, we...
Authors: Ni-Ni Lin, Jia Chen, Bin Xu, Xia Wei, Lei Guo and Jian-Wei Xie
Gastrointestinal problems are common during wars, and they have exerted significant adverse effects on the health of service members involved in warfare. The spectrum of digestive diseases has varied during wa...
Authors: Wei-Feng Wang, Xiao-Xu Guo and Yun-Sheng Yang
As people live beyond 100 years, there is an extended period of impaired quality of life for the increasing numbers of individuals with skin disorders. There is also a growing work force of fit elderly individ...
Cell death plays an important role in the regulation of inflammation and may be the result of inflammation. The maintenance of tissue homeostasis necessitates both the recognition and removal of invading micro...
Authors: Yong Yang, Gening Jiang, Peng Zhang and Jie Fan
Targeted mutagenesis based on homologous recombination has been a powerful tool for understanding the mechanisms underlying development, normal physiology, and disease. A recent breakthrough in genome engineer...
Quadricuspid pulmonic valve (QPV) is almost always a benign anomaly and is therefore usually discovered incidentally on radiographic studies or post-mortem at autopsy. Because of its rarity, the true extent of...
Authors: Stephen N Dunay, Robert A Roberge and Lena S Avedissian
The ongoing Ebola outbreak poses an alarming risk to the countries of West Africa and beyond. On August 8, 2014, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the cross-country Ebola outbreak a Public Emergency...
Authors: Jing-Min Zhao, Shi-Jun Dong, Jin Li and Jun-Sheng Ji
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a disorder characterized by an intractable, disabling pain of the affected limb. It is triggered by various injuries and is often resistant to standard therapy. We repo...
The outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) continues to spread through West Africa. Since the first report of EVD in March 2014, the number of cases has increased rapidly, with the fatality rate of >50%. The mo...
Authors: Wen Bin Liu, Zi Xiong Li, Yan Du and Guang Wen Cao
Hearing plays a vital role in the performance of a soldier and is important for speech processing. Noise-induced hearing loss is a significant impairment in the military and can affect combat performance. Mili...
Chronic hepatitis is a major public health problem. Hepatitis B virus is the primary cause, and Hepatitis B and C together are responsible for 60% of cirrhosis and 80% of hepatocellular carcinomas. This study ...
With the rapid development of electronic technologies, anxiety regarding the potential health hazards induced by microwave radiation (MW) has been growing in recent years. The brain is one of the most sensitiv...
The Mesoamerican Ministers of Health have set 2020 as the target for malaria elimination to be achieved in the region. Imported malaria cases are a potential threat to countries attempting elimination or worki...
Authors: MarÃa Eugenia Castellanos, Sheilee DÃaz, Emily Parsons, Leonard F Peruski, Fabiola EnrÃquez, Juan Luis RamÃrez and Norma Padilla
After a radiological or nuclear event, acute radiation syndrome (ARS) will present complex medical challenges that could involve the treatment of hundreds to thousands of patients. Current medical doctrine is ...
The incidence of sepsis is increasing over time, along with an increased risk of dying from the condition. Sepsis care costs billions annually in the United States. Death from sepsis is understood to be a comp...
Authors: Niamh M Foley, Jian Wang, H Paul Redmond and Jiang Huai Wang
In clinical studies, the findings on sulfur mustard (SM) toxicity for CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD8+ T lymphocyte subsets are contradictory. In animal experiments, the effect of SM on the T cell number and proliferation i...
Authors: Yi-Zhou Mei, Xiao-Rui Zhang, Ning Jiang, Jun-Ping Cheng, Feng Liu, Pan Zheng, Wen-Xia Zhou and Yong-Xiang Zhang
The terahertz (THz) band lies between microwave and infrared rays in wavelength and consists of non-ionizing radiation. Both domestic and foreign research institutions, including the army, have attached consid...
The Tubu are nomadic people who live in remote parts of the central Sahara, primarily in the Tibesti massif (Chad), and in both Northeastern Niger and Southern Libya. No data about the Tubu’s health and sanita...
Authors: Jean-François Magnaval, Christian Oosterbosch and Michel Mandl
The variety of wound types has resulted in a wide range of wound dressings, with new products frequently being introduced to target different aspects of the wound healing process. The ideal wound dressing shou...
The circadian clock and sleep are essential for human physiology and behavior; deregulation of circadian rhythms impairs health and performance. Circadian clocks and sleep evolved to adapt to Earth’s environme...
Authors: Jin-Hu Guo, Wei-Min Qu, Shan-Guang Chen, Xiao-Ping Chen, Ke Lv, Zhi-Li Huang and Yi-Lan Wu
Computer Assisted Rehabilitation Environment (CAREN) is a system that integrates a training platform (motion base), a virtual environment, a sensor system (motion capture) and D-flow software. It is useful for...
The communal nature of living and training environments, alongside suboptimal hygiene and stressors in the field, place military personnel at higher risk of contracting emerging infectious diseases. Some of th...
Authors: Zheng Jie Marc Ho, Yi Fu Jeff Hwang and Jian Ming Vernon Lee
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a brain dysfunction that occurs secondary to infection in the body, characterized by alteration of consciousness, ranging from delirium to coma, seizure or focal neuro...
Authors: Qing-Hong Zhang, Zhi-Yong Sheng and Yong-Ming Yao
Excessive elevation of arterial blood pressure (BP) at high altitude can be detrimental to our health due to acute mountain sickness (AMS) or some AMS symptoms. This prospective and observational study aimed t...
Authors: Yang Liu, Ji-Hang Zhang, Xu-Bin Gao, Xiao-Jing Wu, Jie Yu, Jian-Fei Chen, Shi-Zhu Bian, Xiao-Han Ding and Lan Huang
Alterations in hematology, especially erythroid changes, may be involved in acute mountain sickness (AMS) at high altitude. This study aimed to identify the relationship between excessive erythrocytosis and AM...
Authors: Xiao-Han Ding, Ji-Hang Zhang, Bin Cui and Lan Huang
China has the largest plateau, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, where inhabited the most high altitude populations. Moreover, millions of people from plain areas come to the plateau for travel and work purposes and the ...
In recent years, the number of people visiting high altitudes has increased. After rapidly ascending to a high altitude, some of these individuals, who reside on plains or other areas of low altitude, have suf...
Authors: Pan Song, Ji-hang Zhang, Jun Qin, Xu-bin Gao, Jie Yu, Xu-gang Tang, Cai-fa Tang and Lan Huang
Emerging infectious diseases are some of modern society’s greatest threats. Like some great construction efforts designed to protect mankind, current public health measures against these emerging pathogens hav...
Authors: Maha A Elbadry, Mary M Merrill, Meng-Meng Ma, Mai-Juan Ma, Jia-Hai Lu, Wu-Chun Cao and Gregory C Gray
Disorders of consciousness (DoCs) are chronic conditions resulting usually from severe neurological deficits. The limitations of the existing diagnosis systems and methodologies cause a need for additional too...
Authors: Emilia Mikołajewska and Dariusz Mikołajewski
Although terrorist bombings have tormented the world for a long time, currently they have reached unprecedented levels and become a continuous threat without borders, race or age. Almost all of them are caused...
Authors: Ventsislav M Mutafchiyski, Georgi I Popivanov and Kirien C Kjossev
Traditional triage could not meet the needs of battlefield casualties’ care in modern warfare. This paper designs of triage and medical evacuation system for casualties at sea that can quickly address mass-cas...
Authors: Tai Xie, Xiao-Rong Liu, Guo-Liang Chen, Liang Qi, Zhi-Yin Xu and Xu-Dong Liu
The application of a maxillofacial prosthesis is an alternative to surgery in functional–aesthetic facial reconstruction. Computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing has opened up a new approach to the ...
Authors: Shi-zhu Bai, Zhi-hong Feng, Rui Gao, Yan Dong, Yun-peng Bi, Guo-feng Wu and Xi Chen
The treatment of hypertensive spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is still controversial. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether minimally invasive puncture and drainage (MIPD) could...
Terrorism is a global issue and a constant international threat. As a result, anti-terrorism and emergency response strategies are tasks of critical importance that have a direct impact on the national securit...
Cold regions are a special combat environment in which low temperatures have a great impact on human metabolism and other vital functions, including the nervous, motion, cardiovascular, circulatory, respirator...
This study reports a 10-year retrospective analysis of multiple trauma complicated by pulmonary contusion. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the risk factors for mortality due to trauma in patients wit...
Authors: Hui Jin, Li-Qun Tang, Zhi-Guo Pan, Na Peng, Qiang Wen, You-Qing Tang and Lei Su
The effect of norepinephrine in patients with septic shock remains controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis to compare the mortality rates and benefits of norepinephrine and vasopressin.
On May 12, 2008, an 8.0-magnitude earthquake occurred in Wenchuan, Sichuan Province. In this disaster, 69,000 people were killed, 18,000 people were reported missing, and 37,000 people were injured, including ...
Sleep disorder induced by acute stress has always been an important topic for study among the general population. However, the mediating effect of social support between acute stress and sleep disorder has rar...
Authors: Qi-jun Zhang, Qiao-li Zhang, Xin-yang Sun, Li-yi Zhang, Si-yuan Zhang, Gao-feng Yao, Chun-xia Chen and Ling-ming Kong
Military medicine is important in both war and peace. In China, military medicine plays a key role in supporting and maintaining health, in preventing injuries and diseases in military staff and in enhancing t...
Military medicine is one of the most innovative part of human civilization. Along with the rapid development of medicine and advances in military techniques, military medicine has become the focus and intersec...
