Acne vulgaris, a common skin disease, affects up to 80 % of the population. Moderate to severe acne requires treatment with a combination of topical and oral drugs such as antibiotics, hormones and retinoids. ...
Authors: Chen Fleischmann, Lior Cohen, Elimelech Adams and Michael Hartal
The department of defense’s FM 3-11 is among the military’s field manuals for preparing for, reacting to and recovering from chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear attacks. Since post 9-11, U.S. milita...
Authors: George Edafese Alakpa and John W. Collins Jr
The global war on terrorism has prompted an increase in the deployment of security personnel from multi-national forces on foreign lands, especially in places where known terrorist groups are based. The aim of...
Authors: George Edafese Alakpa and John W. Collins Jr
A reduction in mortality associated with wine drinking compared to beer drinking has been suggested in the past. A recent meta-analysis could not confirm the observed differential effect. Other characteristics...
Syncope is a relevant health problem in military environments. Reliable diagnosis is challenging. Tilt table testing is an important tool for syncope diagnosis. The aim of this study was to determine whether s...
Authors: Hans-Joachim Gilfrich, Lena Marie Heidelmann, Franziska Grube, Hagen Frickmann and Sven Andreas Jungblut
Traumatic brain injury is a major health problem that frequently leads to deficits in executive function. Self-regulation processes, such as goal-setting, may become disordered after traumatic brain injury, pa...
Authors: Alexander V. Libin, Joel Scholten, Manon Maitland Schladen, Ellen Danford, Nawar Shara, Walter Penk, Jordan Grafman, Linda Resnik, Dwan Bruner, Samantha Cichon, Miriam Philmon, Brenda Tsai, Marc Blackman and Alexander Dromerick
China is prone to disasters and escalating disaster losses. Effective disaster mitigation is the foundation for efficient disaster response and rescue and for reducing the degree of hazardous impacts on the po...
Authors: Yan Du, Yibo Ding, Zixiong Li and Guangwen Cao
Military medicine cadets undergo strenuous military training alongside demanding medical studies. This stressful and complex educational environment can lead to the emergence of depressive symptoms. We investi...
Occupation is a significant factor affecting life, health and well-being. Long-term military service is a unique career path that may have an influence on life expectancy, even after excluding obvious risks su...
Authors: Michael Hartal, Yitshak Kreiss and Nirit Yavnai
So far, there have been no measurements confirmed useful in diagnosing acute mountain sickness (AMS). The aim of this study was to determine the role of heart rate (HR) difference (ΔHR) and oxygen saturation ( Sa...
Authors: Ming Li, Ji-Hang Zhang, Guo-Xi Zhao, Shi-Zhu Bian, Xu-Bin Gao, Xi Liu, Jie Yu, Jun-Qing Dong, Guo-Zhu Chen, Hong Wang and Lan Huang
Because posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a highly debilitating condition, prevention is an important research topic. This article reviews possible prevention approaches that involve the administration o...
In May 2015, Professor Xiao Yang authored a review on the development of CRISPR-Cas9 techniques in the journal of Military Medical Research. This review provided a valuable overview of this major scientific advan...
Vitreous hemorrhages are important clinical manifestations of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Non-cleared vitreous hemorrhages could lead to hemosiderosis bulbi and glaucoma. Here, we describe the case of ...
Authors: Pedro Cuevas, Luis Antonio Outeiriño, Carlos Azanza, Javier Angulo and Guillermo Giménez-Gallego
Given the multiple terrorist attacks that have occurred in recent years in China, medical rescue teams and specialized incident assessment teams have been established by the government; however, medical rescue...
Chronic headache following traumatic brain injury (TBI) sustained in military service, while common, is highly challenging to treat with existing pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic interventions and may be co...
There has been no large-scale naval combat in the last 30 years. With the rapid development of battleships, weapons manufacturing and electronic technology, naval combat will present some new characteristics. ...
Sepsis, which refers to a systemic inflammatory response syndrome resulting from a microbial infection, represents the leading cause of death in intensive care units. The pathogenesis of sepsis remains poorly ...
Authors: Guo-qiang Bao, Li He, David Lee, John D’Angelo and Hai-chao Wang
Colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) poses a hygiene risk that does not spare field hospitals or military medical field camps during military deployments. Diagnostic options for un...
Authors: Volker Micheel, Benedikt Hogan, Thomas Köller, Philipp Warnke, Sabine Crusius, Rebecca Hinz, Ralf Matthias Hagen, Norbert Georg Schwarz and Hagen Frickmann
Diagnostic microbial isolates of bio-safety levels 3 and 4 are difficult to handle in medical field camps under military deployment settings. International transport of such isolates is challenging due to rest...
Authors: Andreas E. Zautner, Wycliffe O. Masanta, Rebecca Hinz, Ralf Matthias Hagen and Hagen Frickmann
T-2 toxin poses a great threat to human health because it has the highest toxicity of the currently known trichothecene mycotoxins. To understand the in vivo toxicity and transformation mechanism of T-2 toxin, we...
Authors: Ni-Ni Lin, Jia Chen, Bin Xu, Xia Wei, Lei Guo and Jian-Wei Xie
Gastrointestinal problems are common during wars, and they have exerted significant adverse effects on the health of service members involved in warfare. The spectrum of digestive diseases has varied during wa...
Authors: Wei-Feng Wang, Xiao-Xu Guo and Yun-Sheng Yang
As people live beyond 100 years, there is an extended period of impaired quality of life for the increasing numbers of individuals with skin disorders. There is also a growing work force of fit elderly individ...
Cell death plays an important role in the regulation of inflammation and may be the result of inflammation. The maintenance of tissue homeostasis necessitates both the recognition and removal of invading micro...
Authors: Yong Yang, Gening Jiang, Peng Zhang and Jie Fan
Targeted mutagenesis based on homologous recombination has been a powerful tool for understanding the mechanisms underlying development, normal physiology, and disease. A recent breakthrough in genome engineer...
Quadricuspid pulmonic valve (QPV) is almost always a benign anomaly and is therefore usually discovered incidentally on radiographic studies or post-mortem at autopsy. Because of its rarity, the true extent of...
Authors: Stephen N Dunay, Robert A Roberge and Lena S Avedissian
The ongoing Ebola outbreak poses an alarming risk to the countries of West Africa and beyond. On August 8, 2014, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the cross-country Ebola outbreak a Public Emergency...
Authors: Jing-Min Zhao, Shi-Jun Dong, Jin Li and Jun-Sheng Ji
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a disorder characterized by an intractable, disabling pain of the affected limb. It is triggered by various injuries and is often resistant to standard therapy. We repo...
The outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) continues to spread through West Africa. Since the first report of EVD in March 2014, the number of cases has increased rapidly, with the fatality rate of >50%. The mo...
Authors: Wen Bin Liu, Zi Xiong Li, Yan Du and Guang Wen Cao
Hearing plays a vital role in the performance of a soldier and is important for speech processing. Noise-induced hearing loss is a significant impairment in the military and can affect combat performance. Mili...
Chronic hepatitis is a major public health problem. Hepatitis B virus is the primary cause, and Hepatitis B and C together are responsible for 60% of cirrhosis and 80% of hepatocellular carcinomas. This study ...
Authors: Abdoul A Ndiaye, Ibrahima Socé Fall, Gora Lo, Sidy Mouhamed Seck, Alioune Badara Tall, Boubacar Gueye, Amady Barro Mbodj and Anta Tal-Dia
With the rapid development of electronic technologies, anxiety regarding the potential health hazards induced by microwave radiation (MW) has been growing in recent years. The brain is one of the most sensitiv...
The Mesoamerican Ministers of Health have set 2020 as the target for malaria elimination to be achieved in the region. Imported malaria cases are a potential threat to countries attempting elimination or worki...
Authors: María Eugenia Castellanos, Sheilee Díaz, Emily Parsons, Leonard F Peruski, Fabiola Enríquez, Juan Luis Ramírez and Norma Padilla
After a radiological or nuclear event, acute radiation syndrome (ARS) will present complex medical challenges that could involve the treatment of hundreds to thousands of patients. Current medical doctrine is ...
The incidence of sepsis is increasing over time, along with an increased risk of dying from the condition. Sepsis care costs billions annually in the United States. Death from sepsis is understood to be a comp...
Authors: Niamh M Foley, Jian Wang, H Paul Redmond and Jiang Huai Wang
In clinical studies, the findings on sulfur mustard (SM) toxicity for CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD8+ T lymphocyte subsets are contradictory. In animal experiments, the effect of SM on the T cell number and proliferation i...
Authors: Yi-Zhou Mei, Xiao-Rui Zhang, Ning Jiang, Jun-Ping Cheng, Feng Liu, Pan Zheng, Wen-Xia Zhou and Yong-Xiang Zhang
The terahertz (THz) band lies between microwave and infrared rays in wavelength and consists of non-ionizing radiation. Both domestic and foreign research institutions, including the army, have attached consid...
The Tubu are nomadic people who live in remote parts of the central Sahara, primarily in the Tibesti massif (Chad), and in both Northeastern Niger and Southern Libya. No data about the Tubu’s health and sanita...
Authors: Jean-François Magnaval, Christian Oosterbosch and Michel Mandl
The variety of wound types has resulted in a wide range of wound dressings, with new products frequently being introduced to target different aspects of the wound healing process. The ideal wound dressing shou...
The circadian clock and sleep are essential for human physiology and behavior; deregulation of circadian rhythms impairs health and performance. Circadian clocks and sleep evolved to adapt to Earth’s environme...
Authors: Jin-Hu Guo, Wei-Min Qu, Shan-Guang Chen, Xiao-Ping Chen, Ke Lv, Zhi-Li Huang and Yi-Lan Wu
Computer Assisted Rehabilitation Environment (CAREN) is a system that integrates a training platform (motion base), a virtual environment, a sensor system (motion capture) and D-flow software. It is useful for...
The communal nature of living and training environments, alongside suboptimal hygiene and stressors in the field, place military personnel at higher risk of contracting emerging infectious diseases. Some of th...
Authors: Zheng Jie Marc Ho, Yi Fu Jeff Hwang and Jian Ming Vernon Lee
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a brain dysfunction that occurs secondary to infection in the body, characterized by alteration of consciousness, ranging from delirium to coma, seizure or focal neuro...
Authors: Qing-Hong Zhang, Zhi-Yong Sheng and Yong-Ming Yao
Excessive elevation of arterial blood pressure (BP) at high altitude can be detrimental to our health due to acute mountain sickness (AMS) or some AMS symptoms. This prospective and observational study aimed t...
Authors: Yang Liu, Ji-Hang Zhang, Xu-Bin Gao, Xiao-Jing Wu, Jie Yu, Jian-Fei Chen, Shi-Zhu Bian, Xiao-Han Ding and Lan Huang
Alterations in hematology, especially erythroid changes, may be involved in acute mountain sickness (AMS) at high altitude. This study aimed to identify the relationship between excessive erythrocytosis and AM...
Authors: Xiao-Han Ding, Ji-Hang Zhang, Bin Cui and Lan Huang
China has the largest plateau, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, where inhabited the most high altitude populations. Moreover, millions of people from plain areas come to the plateau for travel and work purposes and the ...
In recent years, the number of people visiting high altitudes has increased. After rapidly ascending to a high altitude, some of these individuals, who reside on plains or other areas of low altitude, have suf...
Authors: Pan Song, Ji-hang Zhang, Jun Qin, Xu-bin Gao, Jie Yu, Xu-gang Tang, Cai-fa Tang and Lan Huang
Emerging infectious diseases are some of modern society’s greatest threats. Like some great construction efforts designed to protect mankind, current public health measures against these emerging pathogens hav...
Authors: Maha A Elbadry, Mary M Merrill, Meng-Meng Ma, Mai-Juan Ma, Jia-Hai Lu, Wu-Chun Cao and Gregory C Gray
