Articles

Expert consensus on the evaluation and diagnosis of combat injuries of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army

The accurate assessment and diagnosis of combat injuries are the basis for triage and treatment of combat casualties. A consensus on the assessment and diagnosis of combat injuries was made and discussed at th...

Authors: Zhao-wen Zong, Lian-yang Zhang, Hao Qin, Si-xu Chen, Lin Zhang, Lei Yang, Xiao-xue Li, Quan-wei Bao, Dao-cheng Liu, Si-hao He, Yue Shen, Rong Zhang, Yu-feng Zhao and Xiao-zheng Zhong

Risk factors for 90-day readmission in veterans with inflammatory bowel disease—Does post-discharge follow-up matter?

Repeat hospitalizations in veterans with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are understudied. The early readmission rate and potentially modifiable risk-factors for 90-day readmission in veterans with IBD were s...

Authors: Ashish Malhotra, Parkpoom Phatharacharukul and Charat Thongprayoon

The prevalence rates of major chronic diseases in retired and in-service Chinese military officers (2000–2016): a meta-analysis

Chronic diseases cause a tremendous burden to the military medical system. However, the prevalence rates of major chronic diseases among military officers remain unclear in China.

Authors: Thermite Mara, Long-Teng Ma, Shuo Wang, Ling Wang, Fan Yang, Jia-Hui Song, Yi-Chun Cao, Jian-Hua Yin and Guang-Wen Cao

A hypothesis study on a four-period prevention model for high altitude disease

High altitude disease (HAD) can reduce combat effectiveness and damage the health of soldiers at high altitudes. The objective of this hypothesis study is to build a four-period prevention model for high altit...

Authors: Xian-Sheng Liu, Xiang-Rong Yang, Lu Liu, Xian-Kui Qin and Yu-Qi Gao

Assistive technologies for pain management in people with amputation: a literature review

The prevalence of limb amputation is increasing globally as a devastating experience that can physically and psychologically affect the lifestyle of a person. The residual limb pain and phantom limb pain are c...

Authors: Kamiar Ghoseiri, Mostafa Allami, Mohammad Reza Soroush and Mohammad Yusuf Rastkhadiv

Effects of therapeutic horseback riding on post-traumatic stress disorder in military veterans

Large numbers of post-deployment U.S. veterans are diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and/or traumatic brain injury (TBI), leading to an urgent need for effective interventions to reduce symp...

Authors: Rebecca A. Johnson, David L. Albright, James R. Marzolf, Jessica L. Bibbo, Hayley D. Yaglom, Sandra M. Crowder, Gretchen K. Carlisle, Amy Willard, Cynthia L. Russell, Karen Grindler, Steven Osterlind, Marita Wassman and Nathan Harms

Successful use of closed-loop allostatic neurotechnology for post-traumatic stress symptoms in military personnel: self-reported and autonomic improvements

Military-related post-traumatic stress (PTS) is associated with numerous symptom clusters and diminished autonomic cardiovascular regulation. High-resolution, relational, resonance-based, electroencephalic mir...

Authors: Catherine L. Tegeler, Lee Gerdes, Hossam A. Shaltout, Jared F. Cook, Sean L. Simpson, Sung W. Lee and Charles H. Tegeler

Health-related quality of life and the ability to perform activities of daily living: a cross-sectional study on 1079 war veterans with ankle-foot disorders

The ankle-foot injuries are among the war-related injuries that cause many serious secondary problems for a lifetime. This nationwide study aimed to assess health-related quality of life and the ability to per...

Authors: Mostafa Allami, Amir Yavari, Amir Karimi, Mehdi Masoumi, Mohammadreza Soroush and Elahe Faraji

Identifying prognostic factors for conservative treatment outcomes in servicemen with chronic exertional compartment syndrome treated at a rehabilitation center

Chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) is a condition of pain induced by exercise, and it is characterized by muscle swelling and impaired muscle function in the lower leg. Given the diversity in the d...

Authors: Mariëtte Z. Meulekamp, Peter van der Wurff, Alfred van der Meer and Cees Lucas

Establishment and evaluation of a theater influenza monitoring platform

Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease with a high incidence rate in the Chinese army, which directly disturbs military training and affects soldiers’ health. Influenza surveillance systems are w...

Authors: Jian Wang, Hui-Suo Yang, Bing Deng, Meng-Jing Shi, Xiang-Da Li, Qing-Gong Nian, Wen-Jing Song, Feng Bing and Qing-Feng Li

Beneficial effects of a novel shark-skin collagen dressing for the promotion of seawater immersion wound healing

Wounded personnel who work at sea often encounter a plethora of difficulties. The most important of these difficulties is seawater immersion. Common medical dressings have little effect when the affected area ...

Authors: Xian-Rong Shen, Xiu-Li Chen, Hai-Xia Xie, Ying He, Wei Chen, Qun Luo, Wei-Hong Yuan, Xue Tang, Deng-Yong Hou, Ding-Wen Jiang and Qing-Rong Wang

Strategy and technology to prevent hospital-acquired infections: Lessons from SARS, Ebola, and MERS in Asia and West Africa

Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are serious problems for healthcare systems, especially in developing countries where public health infrastructure and technology for infection preventions remain undevelope...

Authors: Sanjeewa Jayachandra Rajakaruna, Wen-Bin Liu, Yi-Bo Ding and Guang-Wen Cao

Self-reported dietary supplement use in deployed United States service members pre-deployment vs. during deployment, Afghanistan, 2013–2014

Dietary supplement use (protein/amino acids, weight-loss supplements, performance enhancers) is common among U.S. military members. Reported dietary supplement use in deployed troops is limited and is of conce...

Authors: Shawn M. Varney, Patrick C. Ng, Crystal A. Perez, Allyson A. Araña, Edwin R. Austin, Rosemarie G. Ramos and Vikhyat S. Bebarta

From nuclear submarines to graduate medical education: applying David Marquet’s intent-based leadership model

L. David Marquet, a decorated Navy Captain, transformed an underperforming submarine crew by empowering his subordinates to be leaders and reach their full potential. He called this intent-based leadership (IB...

Authors: Camilo Fernandez-Salvador, Rebecca Oney, Sungjin A. Song and Macario Camacho

Mental health among Iranian combat veterans with ankle-foot neuromusculoskeletal injuries

Veterans with purely physical disorders, such as ankle-foot neuromusculoskeletal disorders, are often neglected in psychological assessments because mental health evaluations are usually focused on those with ...

Authors: Arsia Taghva, Mostafa Allami, Kamyab Alizadeh, Anahita Zandi, Elahe Faraji and Zohreh Ganjparvar

Recent advances in the effects of microwave radiation on brains

This study concerns the effects of microwave on health because they pervade diverse fields of our lives. The brain has been recognized as one of the organs that is most vulnerable to microwave radiation. There...

Authors: Wei-Jia Zhi, Li-Feng Wang and Xiang-Jun Hu

What priorities should be considered for Iranian veterans with ankle-foot injuries? A health needs assessment study, 25 years post-conflict

Despite the passage of time, a large number of veterans are still affected by injuries acquired during Iran-Iraq war. In addition to their primary injuries, the majority of veterans also experience difficulty ...

Authors: Mostafa Allami and Mohammadreza Soroush

PM_2.5 obtained from urban areas in Beijing induces apoptosis by activating nuclear factor-kappa B

Particulate matter (PM), which has adverse effects on citizen health, is a major air pollutant in Beijing city. PM_2.5 is an indicator of PM in urban areas and can cause serious damage to human health. Many epidem...

Authors: Hui Peng, Xiao-Hong Zhao, Ting-Ting Bi, Xiao-Yan Yuan, Jia-Bin Guo and Shuang-Qing Peng

Combination of dura turning-over and decompressive craniectomy: a new pattern of surgery for cerebral infarction caused by craniocerebral gunshot injury

Craniocerebral gunshot injury refers to a wound caused by a bullet passing through or lodged in brain tissue, resulting in the loss of function of a certain area or other fatal damage to the human brain. Crani...

Authors: Qi-Yong Mei, Yao Li, Chao He, Hong-Wei Shan, Yun-Kun Wang, Yan Dong, Ming-Kun Yu and Li-Jun Hou

Biomarkers for patients with trauma associated acute respiratory distress syndrome

Trauma is a major factor that contributes to the risk for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Biomarkers that predict the risk, diagnosis, treatment response and prognosis of ARDS after trauma have bee...

Authors: Wujian Xu and Yong Song

Biological effects and mechanisms of shortwave radiation: a review

With the increasing knowledge of shortwave radiation, it is widely used in wireless communications, radar observations, industrial manufacturing, and medical treatments. Despite of the benefits from shortwave,...

Authors: Chao Yu and Rui-Yun Peng

Knowledge mapping visualization analysis of the military health and medicine papers published in the web of science over the past 10 years

Military medicine is a research field that seeks to solve the medical problems that occur in modern war conditions based on public medicine theory.

Authors: Xuan-ming Zhang, Xuan Zhang, Xu Luo, Hai-tao Guo, Li-qun Zhang and Ji-wei Guo

Conjunctival cystectomy assisted by pattern scan laser photocoagulation

To introduce a new technique of laser-assisted conjunctival cystectomy using pattern scan laser (PASCAL) photocoagulation.

Authors: Hee Kyung Yang, Moosang Kim, Seung-Jun Lee, Sang Beom Han, Joon Young Hyon and Won Ryang Wee

The incorporation of emotion-regulation skills into couple- and family-based treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disabling, potentially chronic disorder that is characterized by re-experience and hyperarousal symptoms as well as the avoidance of trauma-related stimuli. The distr...

Authors: Deborah A. Perlick, Frederic J. Sautter, Julia J. Becker-Cretu, Danielle Schultz, Savannah C. Grier, Alexander V. Libin, Manon Maitland Schladen and Shirley M. Glynn

Comparison of five video-assisted intubation devices by novice and expert laryngoscopists for use in the aeromedical evacuation environment

The critically ill or injured patient undergoing military medical evacuation may require emergent intubation. Intubation may be life-saving, but it carries risks. The novice or infrequent laryngoscopist has a ...

Authors: Matthew C. Wallace, SSgt Tyler Britton, Robbie Meek, Sharon Walsh-Hart, Col Todd E. Carter and Steven J. Lisco

The need for preventive and curative services for malaria when the military is deployed in endemic overseas territories: a case study and lessons learned

Sri Lanka has been free from indigenous malaria since November 2012 and received the WHO certificate for malaria-free status in September 2016. Due to increased global travel, imported malaria cases continue t...

Authors: Sumadhya Deepika Fernando, Rahuman Booso, Priyani Dharmawardena, Arunagirinathan Harintheran, Kugapiriyan Raviraj, Chaturaka Rodrigo, Manjula Danansuriya and Rajitha Wickremasinghe

Role of medical resource level in iodine deficiency disorder

Iodine deficiency disorders (IDDs) refer to a series of diseases caused by the human body's insufficient iodine intake. Edible salt became iodized in China in 1996, which yielded remarkable results. We have kn...

Authors: Chen Xu, Zhen Liang and Yong-Jun Luo

The impacts of different embolization techniques on splenic artery embolization for blunt splenic injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Splenic artery embolization (SAE) has been an effective adjunct to the Non-operative management (NOM) for blunt splenic injury (BSI). However, the optimal embolization techniques are still inconclusive. To fur...

Authors: Jing-Jing Rong, Dan Liu, Ming Liang, Qing-Hua Wang, Jing-Yang Sun, Quan-Yu Zhang, Cheng-Fei Peng, Feng-Qi Xuan, Li-Jun Zhao, Xiao-Xiang Tian and Ya-Ling Han

A safety evaluation of profound hypothermia-induced suspended animation for delayed resuscitation at 90 or 120 min

The successful treatment of military combat casualties with penetrating injuries is significantly dependent on the time needed to get the patient to an adequate treatment facility. Profound hypothermia-induced...

Authors: Yu Liu, Shu Li, Zhi Li, Jian Zhang, Jin-song Han, Yong Zhang, Zong-tao Yin and Hui-shan Wang

A diagnostic protocol designed for determining allergic causes in patients with blood eosinophilia

Blood eosinophilia is a common laboratory abnormality, and its characterization frequently represents a quandary for primary care physicians. Consequently, in France, specialists and particularly hematologists...

Authors: Jean-François Magnaval, Guy Laurent, Noémie Gaudré, Judith Fillaux and Antoine Berry

Interaction between the gut microbiome and mucosal immune system

The gut microbiota, the largest symbiotic ecosystem with the host, has been shown to play important roles in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome is caused by the imbalance betwe...

Authors: Na Shi, Na Li, Xinwang Duan and Haitao Niu

Microbiological screenings for infection control in unaccompanied minor refugees: the German Armed Forces Medical Service’s experience

The German Military Medical Service contributed to the medical screening of unaccompanied minor refugees (UMRs) coming to Germany in 2014 and 2015. In this study, a broad range of diagnostic procedures was app...

Authors: Winfried Maaßen, Dorothea Wiemer, Claudia Frey, Christina Kreuzberg, Egbert Tannich, Rebecca Hinz, Andreas Wille, Andreas Fritsch, Ralf Matthias Hagen and Hagen Frickmann

Revascularization and outcomes in Veterans with moderate to severe ischemia on myocardial perfusion imaging

The prevalence of ischemia on nuclear myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) has been decreasing. Recent research has questioned the benefit of invasive revascularization for patients with moderate to severe ische...

Authors: David E. Winchester, Alexander J. Bolanos, Anita Wokhlu, Rebecca J. Beyth and Leslee J. Shaw

Surveillance for respiratory infectious diseases caused by 6 common viruses in a recruit training site in the Northern region of China

Recruit training sites are places with a high incidence of respiratory infectious diseases. Effective surveillance for acute respiratory infectious diseases in a recruit training site is an important way to pr...

Authors: Wei-Wei Chen, Wen Xu, Yang-Xin Xie, Yun-Hui Zhang, Dan Wu, Fu-Sheng Wang and Min Zhao

Association of iodized salt with goiter prevalence in Chinese populations: a continuity analysis over time

Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) refer to diseases that are caused by insufficient iodine intake, and the best strategy to prevent IDD is the addition of iodine to dietary salt. Because iodine deficiency is a...

Authors: Zhen Liang, Chen Xu and Yong-Jun Luo

Regulatory mechanisms, prophylaxis and treatment of vascular leakage following severe trauma and shock

Vascular leakage, or increased vascular permeability, is a common but important pathological process for various critical diseases, including severe trauma, shock, sepsis, and multiple organ dysfunction syndro...

Authors: Chen-Yang Duan, Jie Zhang, Hui-Ling Wu, Tao Li and Liang-Ming Liu

Olfaction as a soldier-- a review of the physiology and its present and future use in the military

Olfaction is one of our 5 main qualitative sensory abilities. In this review, we have examined the physiology of olfaction from the olfactory receptor to the brain. Through analyzing the physiology of olfactio...

Authors: Palaniappan Ganesh Nagappan, Somasundram Subramaniam and De-Yun Wang

Radioprotective effects of cimetidine on rats irradiated by long-term, low-dose-rate neutrons and ⁶⁰Co γ-rays

Cimetidine, an antagonist of histamine type II receptors, has shown protective effects against γ-rays or neutrons. However, there have been no reports on the effects of cimetidine against neutrons combined wit...

Authors: Ding-Wen Jiang, Qing-Rong Wang, Xian-Rong Shen, Ying He, Tian-Tian Qian, Qiong Liu, Deng-Yong Hou, Yu-Ming Liu, Wei Chen, Xin Ren and Ke-Xian Li

Soldiers’ load carriage performance in high mountains: a physiological study

The present study was designed to evaluate load carriage performance at extremely high altitudes with different loads and walking speeds in terms of physiological evaluation. The degree of maximum oxygen consu...

Authors: Tirthankar Chatterjee, Debojyoti Bhattacharyya, Anilendu Pramanik, Madhusudan Pal, Deepti Majumdar and Dhurjati Majumdar

Burns and frostbite in the Red Army during World War II

The start of World War II (WWII) led to the deployment of combat troops in several continents. Destruction and many casualties among both the military and civilians became an inevitable consequence. A large am...

Authors: Vladimir Sokolov, Alexey Biryukov, Igor Chmyrev, Mikhail Tarasenko and Pavel Kabanov

Erratum to: Education in wound care: Curricula for doctors and nurses, and experiences from the German wound healing society ICW

Authors: Karl-Christian Münter

Role of the IL-33-ST2 axis in sepsis

Sepsis remains a major clinical problem with high morbidity and mortality. As new inflammatory mediators are characterized, it is important to understand their roles in sepsis. Interleukin 33 (IL-33) is a rece...

Authors: Hui Xu, Heth R. Turnquist, Rosemary Hoffman and Timothy R. Billiar

A survey of knowledge about hepatitis B among new military recruits in China

Hepatitis B is a disease that affects the liver and is caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Hepatitis B is a serious public health problem in China. The objective of this study was to assess knowledge of and...

Authors: Yuan-Yuan Li, Wei-Wei Chen, Lei Wei, Yang-Xin Xie, Li-Feng Wang, Jun-Liang Fu and Fu-Sheng Wang

A review of the physiological and psychological health and wellbeing of naval service personnel and the modalities used for monitoring

Naval cohorts rely heavily on personnel to ensure the efficient running of naval organisations. As such, the wellbeing of personnel is essential. In an occupational setting, naval service personnel experience ...

Authors: Cliodhna Sargent, Cormac Gebruers and Jim O’Mahony

Military-civilian cooperative emergency response to infectious disease prevention and control in China

In recent years, the incidence of severe infectious diseases has increased, and the number of emerging infectious diseases continues to increase. The Chinese government and military forces have paid a great de...

Authors: Hui Ma, Ji-Ping Dong, Na Zhou and Wei Pu

Effects of omeprazole or pantoprazole on platelet function in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome patients receiving clopidogrel

This study evaluated the effect of omeprazole or pantoprazole on platelet reactivity in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) patients receiving clopidogrel.

Authors: Ruo-Xi Gu, Xiao-Zeng Wang, Jing Li, Jie Deng, Xing-Xing Li and Jiao Wang

Association between smoking and the risk of acute mountain sickness: a meta-analysis of observational studies

People rapidly ascending to high altitudes (>2500 m) may suffer from acute mountain sickness (AMS). The association between smoking and AMS risk remains unclear. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to eval...

Authors: Chen Xu, Hong-Xiang Lu, Yu-Xiao Wang, Yu Chen, Sheng-hong Yang and Yong-Jun Luo

Feasibility study of emergency intervention for vascular injury outside the hospital

Minimally invasive surgery in the field of traumatic vascular injury diagnosis and treatment has achieved good results. This study was designed to determine whether pre-hospital emergency intervention is feasi...

Authors: Ming Liang, Jing-Jing Rong, Jing-Yang Sun, Xiao-Zeng Wang, Fei Li, Geng Wang, Yan-Chun Liang and Ya-Ling Han

Coagulation complications following trauma

Traumatic injury is one of the leading causes of death, with uncontrolled hemorrhage from coagulation dysfunction as one of the main potentially preventable causes of the mortality. Hypothermia, acidosis, and ...

Authors: Wenjun Z. Martini

A comprehensive musculoskeletal and peripheral nervous system assessment of war-related bilateral upper extremity amputees

Upper limb amputations are one of the unpleasant war injuries that armed forces are exposed to frequently.

Authors: Mostafa Allami, Batool Mousavi, Mehdi Masoumi, Ehsan Modirian, Hadi Shojaei, Fatemeh Mirsalimi, Maryam Hosseini and Pirouz Pirouzi