Fig. 3

Evolution of tumour-associated macrophages and T cells. a Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) coexpressing M1 and M2 genes might evolve from M1 or M2 macrophages. b Naïve T cells can develop into effector CD8 T cells, which might develop into pre-exhausted T cells and further into exhausted T cells. TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-α, TREM2 Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2, MARCO macrophage receptor with collagenous structure, APOE apolipoprotein E, SPP1 secreted phosphoprotein 1, IL-10 interlukin-10, FOXO1 forkhead box O1, CXCL13 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 13, TIGIT T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains, TNFRSF9 TNF receptor superfamily member 9, LAYN layilin, PHLDA1 pleckstrin homology like domain family A member 1, SNAP47 synaptosome associated protein 47