Table 3 Univariate and multivariate COX proportional hazards regression analysis of death in the training cohort

Age (≥70 years vs. < 70 years)

9.245 (2.054–11.624)

1.184 (1.061–1.321)

0.003

Gender (male vs. female)

1.495 (0.577–3.874)

–

–

Comorbidity

–

–

Without comorbidity

1

1

With single comorbidity

3.625 (0.639–4.503)

1.810 (0.794–2.585)

0.551

With multiple comorbidity

2.250 (1.407–4.947)

1.155 (0.831–3.130)

0.479

Smoke (yes vs. no)

1.309 (0.533–3.212)

–

–

Panting (breathing rate ≥ 30/min) (yes vs. no)

5.492 (2.876–7.078)

3.300 (2.509–6.286)

0.004

WBC (> 10 × 10⁹/L vs. ≤ 10 × 10⁹/L)

5.238 (1.906–9.397)

2.046 (0.726–4.503)

0.524

Lymphocyte (< 1.0 × 10⁹/L vs. ≥ 1.0 × 10⁹/L)

5.263 (2.513–9.615)

2.283 (1.779–3.267)

0.011

Neutrophil (> 6.3 × 10⁹/L vs. ≤ 6.3 × 10⁹/L)

4.961 (1.884–8.068)

2.439 (0.717–3.768)

0.392

PLT (≥ 100 × 10⁹/L vs. < 100 × 10⁹/L)

3.556 (0.911–6.876)

–

–

CRP (> 10 mg/L vs. ≤ 10 mg/L)

4.327 (1.369–7.677)

1.214 (0.721–2.211)

0.196

D-dimer (> 0.55 mg/L vs. ≤ 0.55 mg/L)

6.721 (1.490–9.319)

1.395 (0.668–3.268)

0.195

PCT (> 0.05 ng/ml vs. ≤ 0.05 ng/ml)

3.224 (1.154–6.645)

2.255 (0.768–4.767)

0.118

IL-6 (> 10 pg/ml vs. ≤ 10 pg/ml)

4.547 (3.184–8.659)

3.029 (1.567–7.116)

0.009

SaO₂ on admission(≥ 90% vs. < 90%)

1.662 (0.739–2.007)

–

–

TBIL (≥ 20 μmol/L vs. < 20 μmol/L)

1.595 (0.627–2.057)

–

–

ALT (≥ 40 U/L vs. < 40 U/L)

2.024 (0.775–5.283)

–

–

AST (≥ 40 U/L vs. < 40 U/L)

1.909 (0.746–4.883)

–

–

LDH (≥ 245 U/L vs. < 245 U/L)

1.923 (0.739–5.007)

–

–

γ-GT (≥ 50 U/L vs. < 50 U/L)

1.444 (0.567–3.677)

–

–

Cr (> 80 μmol/L vs. ≤ 80 μmol/L)

1.195 (0.456–3.129)

–

–