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Table 1 Applications of radiomics-based tumor grading

From: Artificial intelligence-driven radiomics study in cancer: the role of feature engineering and modeling

Image modality

Number of patients

Cancer

Target

Number of radiomics features

Commercial or open-source software

Method

References

CT

206

HNSCC

Tumor grading

74

Matlab, Python, IBM SPSS software

ML: KPCA, RF, VT selection

SM: DeLong test, t-test, Chi-square test

[13]

CT

284

HNSCC

Tumor grading, extracapsular spread, perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, human papillomavirus status

25–35

Matlab, R

ML: PCA, LR, LASSO, Hierarchic clustering, tenfold CV

SM: Fisher exact test

[14]

CT

878

Lung cancer, HNC

Tumor grading

Unspecified

Matlab, R

ML: LR, consensus clustering, hierarchical clustering

SM: Jaccard index, Pearson correlation analysis

[15]

CT

211

Laryngeal cancer

Preoperative T category (T3 vs. T4)

8

ITK-SNAP, PyRadiomics, R, Python

ML: LASSO, SVM,

Grid search, CV

SM: t-test (or Mann–Whitney U test), Chi-square (or Fisher’s exact) test, ICC

[16]

  1. CT computed tomography, ML machine learning, SM statistical method, HNSCC head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, HNC head and neck cancer, KPCA kernel principal component analysis, RF random forest, VT variance-threshold, PCA principal component analysis, LR logistic regression, LASSO least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, CV cross validation, SVM support vector machine, ICC intraclass correlation coefficients