Fig. 8From: Bioengineered exosomal-membrane-camouflaged abiotic nanocarriers: neurodegenerative diseases, tissue engineering and regenerative medicineExosome-based nanosystems for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. a Preparation of MSC-derived exosomal-membrane-coated Fe3O4 NPs by coating the NP inner core with an exosomal membrane via the exosome biogenesis pathway (Reproduced with permission; copyright BioMed Central Ltd. (2020) [202]). b Schematic of the exosome spray method and fabrication process (Reproduced with permission; copyright American Chemical Society (2021) [214]). IV intravenous, MI myocardial infarction, MSC mesenchymal stem cell, NPs nanoparticlesBack to article page