Table 3 Current clinical trials using hydrogels as potential therapies for the management of OA (Data from: https://clinicaltrials.gov)

HUPS: hyalgan use in painful shoulder

Sodium hyaluronate

PBS control;

20 mg sodium hyaluronate injection

Improvement in shoulder pain on movement compared to the PBS control group

3

Completed

NCT00377624

Intra-articular PVA hydrogel in knee OA

PVA Hydrogel; Hylan G-F20 (Synvisc-One®)

2 ml injection of PVA hydrogel; 6 ml injection of Hylan G-F20 (Synvisc-One®)

To test if there are any adverse events at the injection site

N/A

Completed

NCT04693104

Intra-articular polyacrylamide hydrogel in knee OA

Polyacrylamide hydrogel with silver ions “Argiform”

Hydrous biopolymer with silver ions “Argiform”; Saline

Change of the total WOMAC score (WOMAC-T) in grade II-III OA patients

N/A

Unknown

NCT03897686

New hydroxyethyl cellulose hydrogel for the treatment of the pain of knee arthrosis

Hydroxyethyl cellulose hydrogel

Hydrogel injection

Pain assessment in terms of percentage of pain reduction using a visual analog scale

N/A

Recruiting

NCT04061733

Treatment of knee OA with PAAG-OA (ROSA)

Polyacrylamide hydrogel (PAAG-OA)

Intra-articular injection of 6 ml PAAG-OA; Intra-articular injection of 6 ml Synvisc-One® (HA)

Comparing one injection of PAAG-OA with one injection of Synvisc-One® on pain over 6 months in subjects with knee OA

N/A

Active, not recruiting

NCT04045431

Safety and effectiveness study of a non-crosslinked HA Alkylamide HYADD(TM) 4 hydrogel for OA of the knee

Non-crosslinked HA Alkylamide

HYADD (TM) 4 hydrogel intra-articular injection; Placebo intra- articular injection

WOMAC pain sub-score

N/A

Unknown

NCT02187549

Hymovis™ versus placebo in knee OA (Hymovis)

Non-crosslinked HA Alkylamide (Hymovis)

Hymovis intra-articular injection;

Phosphate buffered saline injection

WOMAC pain sub-score

3

Completed

NCT01372475

PAAG-OA treatment for knee OA (IDA)

Polyacrylamide hydrogel

Intra-articular polyacrylamide hydrogel injection

WOMAC pain sub-score

N/A

Active, not recruiting

NCT04179552

Arthrosamid injection for OA knee

Crosslinked polyacrylamide (Arthrosamid)

Intra-articular injection of water and crosslinked polyacrylamide

Changes in the WOMAC score between baseline (pre-injection) and 6 months and 12 months post-injection

N/A

Not yet recruiting

NCT05086068

Aquamid reconstruction for OA of the knee

Polyacrylamide hydrogel (Aquamid)

Intra-articular injection of 3 ml aquamid reconstruction (AR) to the knee

Change from baseline in the pain sub-score of the WOMAC

N/A

Unknown

NCT03067090

Evaluation of the evolution of biological and imaging markers of bone and cartilage degradation in patients with knee OA receiving intra-articular injections of a hyaluronan derivative HYMOVIS®

HYMOVIS (obtained by hydration of the HA-based derivative named HYADD4p5)

Two treatment cycles of two injections of HYMOVIS® at baseline and 6 months

Assess the variation of type II collagen-specific biomarkers (Coll2-1, Coll2-1NO2 & CTX-II) after HYMOVIS® treatment versus baseline

N/A

Completed

NCT04293861

Geniculate artery embolization for treatment of OA

Embozene™ Color-Advanced hydrogel microspheres coated with an inorganic perfluorinated polymer used for embolization

Transcatheter arterial embolization using Embozene™

Change in knee pain using WOMAC score

N/A

Recruiting

NCT04379700

To look at the characteristics of synovial fluid and cartilage matrix in the osteoarthritic knee after HA injection

EUFLEXXA® is a hyaluronate hydrogel produced from bacteria

EUFLEXXA® intra-articular injection

To identify imaging markers for characterizing the biochemical profiles in synovial fluid and cartilage in knee OA 3 months after HA injection

4

Completed

NCT01895959

Efficacy and safety of Hymovis ONE® (32 mg/4 ml) intra-articular injection in active patients with knee overuse syndrome

Hymovis® ONE

Hymovis® ONE (32 mg/4 ml) intra-articular mono injection.

The efficacy of Hymovis® ONE (32 mg/4 ml) single intra-articular injection in the management of pain caused by knee OA due to overuse: KOOS questionnaire

N/A

Completed

NCT04661111