The relationship between chronic PTSD, cortical volumetry and white matter microstructure among Australian combat veterans

Table 3 Group comparisons of normalized brain region volumes (in %) between PTSD participants and controls

Brain region	Side	PTSD (n = 16)	Controls (n = 52)	F-value	P-value
Amygdala				1.529	–
	Left	0.075 ± 0.008	0.075 ± 0.007	0.041	–
	Right	0.078 ± 0.006	0.075 ± 0.009	1.184	–
Hippocampus				0.843	–
	Left	0.217 ± 0.023	0.215 ± 0.019	0.314	–
	Right	0.228 ± 0.021	0.221 ± 0.021	1.481	–
Anterior cingulate cortex (ACC)				0.560	–
	Left	0.261 ± 0.040	0.252 ± 0.047	0.709	–
	Right	0.225 ± 0.029	0.229 ± 0.042	0.135	–
Prefrontal cortex (PFC)				2.851	0.065 ⁺
	Left	2.239 ± 0.156	2.331 ± 0.122	5.226	0.026 ^*
	Right	2.283 ± 0.144	2.353 ± 0.138	2.492	–
Middle frontal gyrus				4.126	0.021 ^*
	Left	0.865 ± 0.073	0.923 ± 0.076	6.900	0.011 ^*
	Right	0.871 ± 0.115	0.936 ± 0.081	6.030	0.017 ^*
Anterior insula				2.492	0.091 ⁺
	Left	0.231 ± 0.025	0.244 ± 0.021	4.056	0.048 ^*
	Right	0.237 ± 0.018	0.243 ± 0.022	0.914	–
Anterior orbital gyrus				3.035	0.055 ⁺
	Left	0.112 ± 0.016	0.100 ± 0.019	6.072	0.016 ^*
	Right	0.118 ± 0.023	0.114 ± 0.014	1.082	–

The P-values have not been adjusted for multiple comparisons and were coded using the following significance codes: ^*P < 0.05, ⁺P < 0.1, ⁻P < 1. PTSD posttraumatic stress disorder

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