Common mtDNA variations at C5178a and A249d/T6392C/G10310A decrease the risk of severe COVID-19 in a Han Chinese population from Central China

Table 3 Distribution of mtDNA variants defining mtDNA haplogroups among controls and moderate cases

MtDNA variations	MtDNA haplogroups	Controls (n = 615) [n(%)]	Moderate cases (n = 85)[n(%)]	P value (χ²)^a	Adjusted P value^b	OR (95% CI)^b
A663G	A	39 (6.34)	10 (11.76)	< 0.001	0.026	2.445 (1.116–5.348)
8281–8289d ^c	B	118 (19.19)	9 (10.59)	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.034 (0.016–0.068)
C5178a ^c	D	176 (28.62)	25 (29.41)	0.898	0.362	1.289 (0.747–2.222)
A249d/T6392C/G10310A	F	129 (20.98)	11 (12.94)	0.110	0.092	1.969 (1.896–4.326)
A4833G	G	16 (2.60)	3 (3.53)	0.494	0.712	1.182 (0.486–2.875)
T9824C	M7	33 (5.37)	5 (5.88)	1.000	0.765	1.185 (0.389–3.610)
A4715G	M8 (M8a + C + Z)	36 (5.85)	6 (7.06)	0.808	0.910	1.449 (0.700–3.003)
T3394C	M9	18 (2.93)	2 (2.35)	1.000	0.903	0.910 (0.199–4.167)
T489C/C10400T/T14783C/G15043A	M* (M2 + M3 + M10 + M13 + M)	32 (5.20)	6 (7.06)	0.446	NA
G5417A/C16257a/C16261T	N9a	11 (1.79)	8 (9.41)	0.001	0.014	3.984 (1.325–11.904)
T1391C/T16311C	R1	7 (1.14)	0	0.607	0.999	0

^aχ²-test or Fisher's exact test. Bonferroni corrected P < 0.05/n (n = 15)
^bAdjusted P value and ORs (95% CIs) determined by multivariate logistic regression analysis, adjusted for age, gender, smoking and diseases (including cardiopulmonary diseases, diabetes, obesity and hypertension determined through clinical and radiographic examinations)
^cThe letter “d” indicates nucleotide deletion, the letter “a” indicates nucleotide transversion
NA not available

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