Author (year) | PD criteria | Cases N (M/F) | Controls N (M/F) | Results |
---|---|---|---|---|
Prostate cancer | ||||
Michaud et al. (2016) [23] | Self-reported periodontitis according to bone loss and teeth number [33, 36] | Periodontitis: 1945 (M: 1945) | Without PD: 17,988 (M: 17,988) | (1) No significant association between periodontitis and PCa risk (HR = 1.17, 95% CI 0.94–1.47) (2) No significant association between tooth loss and PCa risk (HR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.61–1.30) |
Dizdar et al. (2017) [24] | CDC/AAP case definition [31] | M/S periodontitis: 129 (M: 129) | TNCR 2013 data | M/S periodontitis had higher risk of PCa (SIR = 3.75, 95% CI 0.95–10.21) |
Kim et al. (2020) [38] | CDC/AAP case definition [31] | CP: 60,772 (M: 60,772) | Without PD: 60,468 (M: 60,468) | CP significantly increased the risk of PCa (HR = 1.24, 95% CI 1.16–1.32) |
Güven et al. (2019) [39] | AAP classification [35] | PD: 2151 (M: 2151) | TNCR 2013 data | PD significantly increased the risk of PCa (SIR = 1.84, 95% CI 1.34–2.49) |
Lee et al. (2017) [40] | CDC/AAP case definition [31] | PD: 531 (M: 531) | Without PD: 403 (M: 403) | PD significantly increased the risk of PCa (HR = 1.14, 95% CI 1.01–1.31) |
Arora et al. (2010) [41] | Self-reported PD according to tooth mobility [34] | PD: 457 (M: 457) | Without PD: 5515 (M: 5515) | PD significantly increased the risk of PCa (HR = 1.47, 95% CI 1.04–2.07) |
Hujoel et al. (2003) [42] | Gingival inflammation, periodontal pockets, firmness of tooth | Periodontitis: 1085 (M: 1085) Gingivitis: 1021 (M: 1021) | Without PD: 1242 (M: 1242) | Periodontitis was positively associated with PCa (OR = 1.81, 95% CI 0.76–4.34) |
Hiraki et al. (2008) [43] | Self-reported tooth loss | Pca: 136 (M: 136) | Without cancer: 5398 (M: 5398) | Tooth loss was inversely associated with PCa (OR = 0.49, 95% CI  0.19–1.26) |
Michaud et al. (2008) [44] | Self-reported PD according to bone loss and teeth number [33, 36] | PD: 7863 (M: 7863) | Without PD: 40,512 (M: 40,512) | (1) No significant association was observed between PD and advanced PCa risk (HR = 0.89, 95% CI  0.71–1.10) (2) Tooth loss was inversely correlated with advanced PCa (HR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.50–0.97) |
Hwang et al. (2014) [45] | NR | PD with treatment: 19,226 (M: 19,226) | PD with no treatment: 38,452 (M: 38,452) | The risks of PCa were significantly higher in the PD with treatment (HR = 2.11, 95% CI 1.63–2.73) |
Wen et al. (2014) [46] | NR | Periodontitis: 26,288 (M: 26,288) | Gingivitis: 47,522 (M: 47,522) | The incidence rate of PCa was not elevated in the periodontitis cohort than in the gingivitis cohort (HR = 1.00, 95% CI 0.82–1.23) |
Michaud et al. (2018) [47] | CDC/AAP case definition [32] | Periodontitis: 2252 (M: 2252) | Without Periodontitis: (M: 535) | No significant association was observed between SP and PCa risk (HR = 1.10, 95% CI 0.79–1.54) |
Bladder cancer | ||||
Michaud et al. (2016) [23] | Self-reported periodontitis according to bone loss and teeth number [33, 36] | Periodontitis: 1945 (M: 1945) | Without PD: 17,988 (M: 17,988) | (1) Periodontitis increased the risk of bladder cancer (HR = 1.38, 95% CI 0.93–2.05) (2) Advanced periodontitis significantly increased the risk of bladder cancer (HR = 5.06, 95% CI 2.32–11.0) |
Arora et al. (2010) [41] | Self-reported PD according to Tooth mobility [34] | PD: 908 (M: 457/F:451) | Without PD: 12,592 (M: 5515/F: 7077) | PD slightly increased the risk of bladder cancer (HR = 1.13, 95% CI 0.59–2.20) |
Michaud et al. (2008) [44] | Self-reported PD according to bone loss and teeth number [33, 36] | PD: 7863 (M: 7863) | Without PD: 40,512 (M: 40,512) | PD slightly increased the risk of bladder cancer (HR = 1.17, 95% CI 0.96–1.43) |
Wen et al. (2014) [46] | NR | Periodontitis: 57,591 (M: 26,288/F: 25,503) | Gingivitis: 96,375 (M: 47,522/F: 45,583) | The incidence rate of bladder cancer was not elevated in the periodontitis cohort than in the gingivitis cohort (HR = 0.93, 95% CI 0.70–1.22) |
Oh et al. (2020) [48] | Self-reported PD according to bone loss and teeth number [33, 36] | PD: 89,170 PYs (M: 89,170 PYs) | Without PD: 354,997 PYs (M: 354,997 PYs) | PD increased the risk of invasive bladder cancer (HR = 1.19, 95% CI 0.98–1.46) |
Nwizu et al. (2017) [49] | Self-reported PD [37] | PD: 17,103 (F: 17,103) | Without PD: 48,766 (F: 48,766) | PD slightly increased the risk of bladder cancer (HR = 1.10, 95% CI 0.81–1.49) |
Kidney cancer | ||||
Michaud et al. (2016) [23] | Self-reported periodontitis according to bone loss and teeth number [33, 36] | Periodontitis: 1945 (M: 1945) | Without PD: 17,988 (M: 17,988) | No association between periodontitis and the risk of kidney cancer (HR = 1.09, 95% CI 0.68–1.75) |
Michaud et al. (2008) [44] | Self-reported PD according to bone loss and teeth number [33, 36] | PD: 7863 (M: 7863) | Without PD: 40,512 (M: 40,512) | PD significantly increased risk of kidney cancer (HR = 1.49, 95% CI 1.12–1.97) |
Wen et al. (2014) [46] | NR | Periodontitis: 57,591 (M: 26,288/F: 25,503) | Gingivitis: 96,375 (M: 47,522/F: 45,583) | The incidence rate of kidney cancer was not elevated in the periodontitis cohort than in the gingivitis cohort (HR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.65–1.23) |
Nwizu et al. (2017) [49] | Self-reported PD [37] | PD: 17,103 (F: 17,103) | Without PD: 48,766 (F: 48,766) | PD slightly increased the risk of kidney cancer (HR = 1.09, 95% CI 0.76–1.56) |