Lower blood malondialdehyde is associated with past pesticide exposure: findings in Gulf War illness and healthy controls

Table 5 Prediction of MDA by pesticides (composite variable)

MDA	β (SE)	P
Adjusted for case status and 1st versus 2nd set (n = 81)	− 5.3 (1.3)	< 0.001
In case and in control separately adjusted for 1st versus 2nd set
Case (n = 41)	− 5.2 (1.7)	0.004
Control (n = 40)	− 8.0 (1.7)	< 0.001
In first and in second set separately adjusted for case status
1st set (n = 40)	− 4.5 (1.3)	0.001
2nd set (n = 41)	− 7.0 (3.0)	0.026

Regressions with robust standard errors, adjusted for time-to-test and ln(time-to-test). For the composite pesticide variable, exposure was deemed “present” if there was exposure to any of the components; otherwise it was coded as absent. Exposure was present for 11 cases, 6 controls, 13 in the first test-set, and 4 in the second. For the remainder, exposure was absent. The first-set (batch) evaluated MDA in the first 20 case–control pairs. The second-set (batch) evaluated the remaining participants
SE standard error, MDA malondialdehyde

ISSN: 2054-9369