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Table 2 Postoperative fluid balance, complications and patient outcomes

From: Bioelectrical impedance analysis-guided fluid management promotes primary fascial closure after open abdomen: a randomized controlled trial

Characteristic

BIA group (n = 66)

TRD group (n = 68)

P value*

Primary fascial closure [n (%)]

55 (83.33)

38 (55.88)

<  0.001

Time to fascial closure [days, mean ± SD]

4.7 ± 2.5

8.6 ± 2.5

< 0.001

POD 7 cumulative fluid balance [ml, mean ± SD]

4620.7 ± 4532.0

11,448.6 ± 4749.1

< 0.001

Intra-abdominal complications [n (%)]

 Superficial infection

24 (36.36)

35 (51.47)

0.078

 Intra-abdominal abscess/sepsis

39 (59.09)

45 (66.18)

0.397

 Enteroatmospheric fistula

3 (4.55)

21 (30.88)

< 0.001

Extra-abdominal complications [n (%)]

 Pneumonia

20 (30.30)

39 (57.35)

0.002*

 Sepsis

26 (39.39)

38 (55.88)

0.056

 Acute renal failure

6 (9.09)

9 (13.24)

0.447

 ALI

2 (3.03)

15 (22.06)

0.002

Outcomes

 Ventilator days [days, mean ± SD]

13.5 ± 7.9

20.8 ± 8.1

< 0.001

 ICU LOS [days, mean ± SD]

19.7 ± 6.9

23.1 ± 7.6

0.006

 Hospital LOS [days, mean ± SD]

23.9 ± 7.1

27.7 ± 3.1

< 0.001

 30-day mortality [n (%)]

9 (13.64)

16 (23.53)

0.142

  1. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD for continuous variables, or percentage for categorical variables. BIA bioelectrical impedance analysis, TRD traditional fluid resuscitation, ALI acute lung injury, ICU intensive care unit, LOS length of stay, POD postoperative day, SD standard deviation. *P-values less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant