Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study patients according to the 3 subgroups with different fluid balance trajectory patterns
Characteristics | All (n = 986) | Fluid balance trajectory patterns | P | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Decreasing FB (n = 64) | Low FB (n = 841) | High FB (n = 81) | |||
Fluid overload | 198 (20.1) | 33 (51.6) | 87 (10.3) § | 78 (96.3)§ | <  0.001 |
Age (year, \( \overline{x} \) ± s) | 63.7 ± 17.5 | 66.3 ± 18.9 | 63.3 ± 17.3 | 65.3 ± 18.6 | 0.292 |
Sex [male, n (%)] | 624 (63.3) | 37 (57.8) | 535 (63.6) | 52 (64.2) | 0.640 |
APACHE II (\( \overline{x} \) ± s) | 22.1 ± 7.8 | 24.7 ± 7.4 | 21.6 ± 7.8§ | 25.4 ± 7.4 | <  0.001 |
SOFA [M (IQR)] | 8.0 (6.0–11.0) | 11.0 (8.0–13.0) | 8.0 (5.0–10.0)§ | 10.5 (8.0–13.0)§ | <  0.001 |
Source of admission [n (%)] | 0.006 | ||||
 Emergency department | 175 (17.7) | 12 (18.8) | 143 (17.0) | 20 (24.7) |  |
 Medical | 659 (66.8) | 33 (51.6) | 575 (68.4)§ | 51 (63.0)§ |  |
 Surgical | 152 (15.4) | 19 (29.7) | 123 (14.6)§ | 10 (12.3)§ |  |
Comorbidities [n (%)] | |||||
 Respiratory disease | 76 (7.7) | 5 (7.8) | 64 (7.6) | 7 (8.6) | 0.946 |
 Cardiovascular disease | 155 (15.7) | 11 (17.2) | 130 (15.5) | 14 (17.3) | 0.862 |
 Hypertension | 326 (33.1) | 19 (29.7) | 284 (33.4) | 23 (28.4) | 0.518 |
 Diabetes mellitus | 192 (19.5) | 9 (14.1) | 167 (19.9) | 16 (19.8) | 0.528 |
 Cancer | 117 (11.9) | 11 (17.2) | 92 (10.9) | 14 (17.3) | 0.096 |
 None | 189 (19.2) | 24 (37.5) | 146 (17.7)§ | 19 (23.5)§ | <  0.001 |
Treatments [n (%)] | |||||
 MV | 826 (83.8) | 62 (96.9) | 691 (82.2)§ | 73 (90.1)§ | 0.002 |
 Renal replacement therapy | 229 (23.2) | 12 (18.8) | 178 (21.2) | 39 (48.1)§ | <  0.001 |