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Fig. 3 | Military Medical Research

Fig. 3

From: Spine system changes in soldiers after load carriage training in a plateau environment: a prediction model research

Fig. 3

Research indicators of the lumbar spine and measurement methods. a The location of the lumbar paraspinal muscles identified for the cross-sectional area (CSA) and functional cross-sectional area (FCSA) at the L3/4 level. b The measurement for intervertebral discs (IVD) height (anterior, middle, and posterior) from L1 to S1. c The measurement for the intervertebral foramen area (IF) and the effective intervertebral foraminal area (E-IF) in L3/4 segments. d The measurement for the lumbosacral angle (LSA) and the lumbar lordosis angle (LLA)

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Military Medical Research

ISSN: 2054-9369