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Fig. 1 | Military Medical Research

Fig. 1

From: Efficient and rapid conversion of human astrocytes and ALS mouse model spinal cord astrocytes into motor neuron-like cells by defined small molecules

Fig. 1

Characterization of human astrocytes and the phenotypic conversion after chemical induction. a Immunostaining of cultured human astrocytes for the astrocyte markers glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and Vimentin. b Quantitative analysis of cultured human astrocytes for marker expression of astrocytes, neural progenitor cells (NPCs), neuronal cells, or oligodendrocytes. The data are presented as the means ± SEM from three independent experiments. c A schematic diagram showing the small molecule-based induction protocol. K, kenpaullone; F, forskolin; Y, Y-27632; P, purmorphamine; R, retinoic acid. d Microscopic images of the cell morphological changes after chemical induction. e Expression of class III β-tubulin 1 (TUJ1), microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), and GFAP in the control group and the KFYPR-induced group. All scale bars = 50 μm

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