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Table 2 Comparison of the effects of the different treatments on energy and nutrient intake by CAF personnel during the 8 h experimental treatment period. [Mean ± SD]

From: Comparison of dietary intakes of Canadian Armed Forces personnel consuming field rations in acute hot, cold, and temperate conditions with standardized infantry activities

Nutrient intake per 8 h 1

Average for experimental treatments

Sedentary

Strenuous physical activity3

P-value

Cold

Hot

Temperate

Energy (kcal)

1970 ± 718

1920 ± 640

1897 ± 793

2005 ± 795

2055 ± 680

0.56

Carbohydrates (g)

295 ± 119

279 ± 105

286 ± 129

298 ± 128

315 ± 118

0.47

Total fat (g)

61 ± 23

62 ± 23

58 ± 25

63 ± 26

61 ± 20

0.44

Saturated fat (g)

22 ± 9

22 ± 9

22 ± 10

22 ± 11

21 ± 8

0.89

Protein (g)

63 ± 23

64 ± 20

62 ± 28

64 ± 25

64 ± 20

0.76

Fiber (g)

19 ± 9

18 ± 7

19 ± 10

20 ± 9

19 ± 8

0.77

Total sugar (g)

139 ± 58

130 ± 45

132 ± 59

147 ± 59

149 ± 67

0.34

Sodium (mg)

3183 ± 1183

3022 ± 1111

3353 ± 1276

3005 ± 1063

3350 ± 1313

0.25

Potassium (mg)

527 ± 218

531 ± 208

474 ± 220

532 ± 200

571 ± 248

0.24

Vitamin A (μg) (RE)

263 ± 228

320 ± 266

213 ± 183

248 ± 221

271 ± 243

0.18

Calcium (mg)

526 ± 257

435 ± 238a

519 ± 283ab

620 ± 275b

530 ± 216ab

0.017*

Magnesium (mg)

118 ± 48

104 ± 43a

103 ± 53a

133 ± 41b

131 ± 50b

0.004*

Iron (mg)

21 ± 12

14 ± 6

14 ± 8

15 ± 7

15 ± 6

0.64

Phosphorus (mg)

267 ± 126

272 ± 126

239 ± 117

267 ± 129

289 ± 138

0.28

Zinc (mg)

3.5 ± 1.9

3.3 ± 1.4

3.3 ± 2.3

3.8 ± 2.2

3.7 ± 1.5

0.51

Vitamin B1 (mg)

0.31 ± 0.20

0.25 ± 0.15

0.30 ± 0.21

0.33 ± 0.22

0.37 ± 0.20

0.10

Vitamin B2 (mg)

1.1 ± 3.5

0.23 ± 0.14

1.9 ± 4.8

1.1 ± 3.5

1.2 ± 3.5

0.25

Vitamin B3 (mg) (NE)

7.8 ± 4.9

8.3 ± 4.6

6.5 ± 4.7

7.7 ± 4.6

8.8 ± 5.7

0.11

Vitamin B6 (mg)

0.50 ± 0.38

0.59 ± 0.42

0.36 ± 0.27

0.56 ± 0.4

0.47 ± 0.38

0.19

Vitamin B12 (μg)

0.92 ± 1.11

0.97 ± 1.32

0.64 ± 0.85

0.99 ± 1.08

1.08 ± 1.19

0.23

Folate (μg) (DFE)

93 ± 72

96 ± 68

74 ± 72

95 ± 71

107 ± 77

0.24

Vitamin C (mg)2

128 ± 128

88 ± 86 a

93 ± 123 a

147 ± 112 b

184 ± 164 b

0.02*

Caffeine (mg)

67 ± 79

55 ± 43 a

109 ± 100 b

35 ± 48 a

70 ± 95 ab

0.005*

Water (ml)

2678 ± 1502

1280 ± 536 a

1843 ± 1050 b

4148 ± 1086 c

3440 ± 1071 d

< 0.001*

  1. Study participants were Regular Force or Class A Reservists (n = 18). The data presented are for 8 h of nutrient intake by participants overall and for each of the four randomized experimental treatment groups [sedentary (21 °C), cold (− 10 °C), hot (30 °C) and temperate (21 °C); humidity (~ 30–50%)]. Energy and nutrient intake data were collected using the measured food intake/food waste method, where all consumed and/or non/partially consumed food and beverage items were weighed and recorded for each participant. 1Energy and nutrient intake data were examined by Linear Mixed Models with Bonferroni adjustment. The consumption of 2Vitamin C-fortified drink crystal packets (average count) was as follows: 0.9 (sedentary), 0.9 (cold), 2.4 (hot), and 2.6 (temperate). 3Strenuous physical activity consisted of standardized infantry activities. Data are presented as the means ± standard deviations (SDs). a,b Values with different superscripts indicate statistically significant differences (*P ≤ 0.05). RE. Retinol Equivalents; DFE. Dietary Folate Equivalents; NE. Niacin Equivalents
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Military Medical Research

ISSN: 2054-9369