Biomaterial-based mechanical regulation facilitates scarless wound healing with functional skin appendage regeneration

Table 2 Biomaterials for skin appendage regeneration

Cell	Material	Characteristic	Results	References
MSCs	Alginate-gelatin	Stiffness-dependent differentiation	Increasing differentiation of MSCs to SGCs	[98]
Akp2⁺Bmp6⁺ SKPs	Peptide hydrogel	Peptide nanofibers	Hair growth	[193]
CD200⁺, α6⁺ HFSC	Gelatin/alginate	Nanoscale biomimetic ECM	Maintaining the CD200⁺, α6⁺ HFSC population	[194]
In vivo	Bio-ceramic	Biofluid-absorbing bioactive sandwich structure	Enhanced hair growth	[195]
HFSCs	Silicone	Mesoporous nanoparticles loaded with Qu, Cu²⁺, and Zn²⁺	Regulating hair cycle	[196]
DPCs	EVAL membranes	Adhesive surface	Large-scale production of dermal papilla microtissues for HF regeneration	[197]
SGCs	Matrigel	Loaded with SGCs	Eccrine SwG	[198]
BM-MSCs	Matrigel	Three-dimensional structure	BM-MSCs differentiate into functional eccrine SGCs	[199]
SGCs	Gelatin	Microsphere loaded with EGF	SwG-like structure	[200]
In vivo	Calcium-alginate	Electrical signals triggered controllable formation	HF, sebaceous glands formation	[201]
In vivo	Wearable electronic device	Electricity stimulation	Higher HF density; longer hair shaft length	[202]

MSCs mesenchymal stem cells, SKPs skin derived precursors, HFSCs hair follicle stem cells, DPCs dermal papilla cells, SGCs sweat gland cells, BM-MSCs bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, EVAL poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol), ECM extracellular matrix, EGF epidermal growth factor, HF hair follicle

ISSN: 2054-9369