Fig. 2
Overexpression of Adipsin can improve cardiac function, reduce mitochondrial cristae damage, and improve mitochondrial function. a Echocardiographic results and quantitative analysis of echocardiographic data including LVEF, LVFS, LVIDd and LVIDs (n = 8). b Pulse-wave Doppler results and quantitative analysis of the E/A ratio (n = 8). c Transmission electron microscopic images, and quantitative analysis of cristae amount per μm2 and the proportion of mitochondria with disorganized cristae of myocardium from NTg and Adipsin-Tg groups with CHD- or HFD-feeding (n = 5). Scale bar = 500 nm. d OCR in cardiomyocytes from various treatment groups, and quantitative statistical analysis of OCR including basal respiration, maximal respiration, ATP production, and spare respiration capacity. Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA analysis. All data are represented with mean ± SD. †P < 0.05 vs. CHD + NTg; ‡P < 0.05 vs. CHD + Adipsin-Tg; ¶P < 0.05 vs. HFD + NTg; *P < 0.05 vs. Control + Ad-Control; §P < 0.05 vs. Control + Ad-Adipsin; ||P < 0.05 vs. PA + Ad-Control. CHD chow diet, HFD high-fat diet, Adipsin-Tg Adipsin tissue-specific transgenic mice, NTg nontransgenic mice, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, LVFS left ventricular fractional shortening, LVIDd end-diastolic left ventricular internal diameters, LVIDs end-systolic left ventricular internal diameters, E/A the ratio of mitral peak velocity of early filling (E) to mitral peak velocity of late filling (A), OCR oxygen consumption rate, OM oligomycin, FCCP fluoro-carbonyl cyanide phenylhydrazone, Rot/AA rotenone and antimycin A, PA palmitate