Table 3 Summary of researches using EVs in vitro to examine wound repair
Cell type | EVs type | Cargo | Target | Function | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hydrogen peroxide-induced HaCaT cells | HucMSC-derived EVs | miR-150-5p | Activating PI3K/Akt pathway through PTEN | Apoptosis↓ Skin wound healing↑ | [123] |
Hydrogen peroxide-induced HaCaT cells | BMSC-derived EVs | miR-93-3p | miR-93-3p/APAF1 axis | Proliferation ↑ Migration↑ Apoptosis↓ | [87] |
Fibroblast | HucMSC-derived EVs | – | Inhibit the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway | Fibroblasts-myofibroblasts transition↓ | [29] |
Fibroblast | ADMSC-derived EVs | miR- 132, miR-21, and miR-29a miR-223, miR-203, miR-146a | Regulating the M2 phenotype | M2 macrophage polarization↑ Immune modulation↑ | [124] |
Human umbilical vein endothelial cells | ADMSC-derived EVs (80.1 nm) | miR-132 and miR-146a | ROCK1/PTEN pathway | Anti-inflammatory effects↑ Pro-angiogenic effects↑ | [125] |
Hydrogen peroxide-induced HaCaT cells and HDF cells | ADMSC-derived EVs | MALAT1 | Wnt/β-catenin pathway | Proliferation↑ Migration↑ Apoptosis↓ | [126] |