Fig. 5
From: Activatable fluorescent probes for imaging and diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis
Structure and application of NIR fluorescent probes for detecting ONOO−. Structures of the probes MITO-CC (a), Ratio-R (b), MULTI-ONOO (c) and DPPO-PN (e). d Mechanism of ONOO− production in arthritis diseases developments. Reproduced with permission from ref. [89]. Copyright (2022) Elsevier B.V. f Structure and ONOO−-sensing mechanism of the nanoprobe CSU-FT. g Fluorescence microscopy imaging of inflamed tissue with CSU-FT. f and g were reproduced with permission from ref. [94]. Copyright (2022) Elsevier B.V. ONOO− peroxynitrite, NIR near-infrared, NO nitric oxide, O2·− superoxide anion, O2 oxygen, SOD superoxide dismutase, ETC electronic transfer of charge, MAO monoamineoxidase, H2O2 hydrogen peroxide, H2O water, MPO myeloperoxidase, ClO− hypochlorite ion, Prx peroxiredoxin, Gpx glutathione peroxidase, Cat catalase, ·OH hydroxyl radicals, Fe ferrum (iron), Cu cuprum (copper), PBS phosphate buffer saline, ACLT anterior cruciate ligament transection, MMx medial meniscus resection