Fig. 5

Coadministration of Asn and IPA ameliorates intestinal homeostasis dysregulation induced by TCI. a The flow diagram to depict the experimental processes of preparing rats with TCI that were administered with vehicle, Asn, IPA or Asn plus IPA (n = 10 per group). b The survival curve to show the survival time of the rats as in a. c ELISA to detect indicator concentrations of rats with sham operation that were administered with vehicle (n = 10) and TCI rats that were administered with vehicle (n = 9), Asn (n = 10), IPA (n = 10) or Asn plus IPA (n = 10). d The IHC analysis to detect ZO-1 and occludin expression in intestinal tissues of rats as in c. The histograms of IHC scores are below IHC pictures. ^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01, ^***P < 0.001, ^****P < 0.0001, ns non-significant. TCI traumatic colon injury, Asn asparagine, IPA 3-indolepropionic acid, IL-6 interleukin-6, TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-α, DAO diamine oxidase, ZO-1 zonula occludens 1, ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, IHC immunohistochemical