Table 1 The role of growth factors contained in PRP in tissue repair

HGF

c-Met

Stimulation of multiple cell growth, such as Hepatocytes, endothelial cells, epithelial cells

[13,14,15,16]

VEGF

VEGFR1(Flt1),

VEGFR2(KDR/Flk1)

VEGFR3(Flk4)

Stimulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation and migration, initiation of angiogenesis response

[17]

TGF-β

TGF-β receptor I

TGF-β receptor II

Involvement of inflammatory response, promotio of extracellular matrix secretion, stimulation of bone matrix deposition, inhibition of osteoclast formation and bone absorption

[18, 19]

IGF

IGF-IR, IGF-IIR

Chemotaxis of fibroblasts, promotion of cartilage and bone matrix formation, stimulation of ESCs proliferation and differentiation

[20,21,22,23]

EGF

EGFR (ERBB1)

Promotion of re-epithelization and participating in angiogenesis

[23, 24]

FGFs

FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3

Mitotic stimulation of articular chondrocytes, promotion of wound healing

[25, 26]

PDGF

PDGFRα, PDGFRβ

(αα, αβ, ββ)

Promotion of angiogenesis and activation of macrophages, Stimulation of fibroblasts, vascular smooth muscle cells and Schwann cells proliferation and activity

[27,28,29]